Many people believe that the biggest threat to DeFi is hacking attacks, as those technical methods are obvious and easily noticed. But after doing this for a while, you realize that the real danger lies in data issues.

Think about it—what happens if a seemingly normal but actually wildly incorrect price information is fed into the system? No matter how smart the smart contract is, it can't do anything about it. It won't stop to ponder "Is this price reliable?" it will just execute the code rigidly. This kind of "blind trust" can, while everything appears calm on the surface, secretly trigger a series of liquidations, break asset pegs, and ultimately cause the entire protocol to collapse.

Data in the real world is inherently messy: exchanges can crash suddenly, obscure trading pairs lack liquidity, price information can become outdated easily, not to mention those opportunistic attackers waiting for the best moment to strike. They are just waiting for the most lucrative opportunity.

That's why I focus on oracle solutions. A good oracle design should treat data as a responsibility, not just random information passing through a production line. It needs to anticipate all sorts of edge cases, so that even if problems do occur, it can still provide reliable judgments.

A clever approach is the combination of two working modes. For scenarios like lending, perpetual contracts, and liquidations that require real-time monitoring, data is pushed proactively; while for settlement, payments, or condition triggers, it fetches verified real data when needed. This way, you don't have to pay for the noise of constant data updates, saving a lot of Gas fees.