亿万富翁投资者瑞·达里奥（Ray Dalio）在采访中就央行数字货币（CBDC）发出强烈警示。他指出，尽管各国正加速推进CBDC落地，但这类由央行直接控制的数字货币体系，可能对个人金融隐私与资产自主权构成深层威胁。
达里奥表示，政府之所以推动CBDC，核心在于其“高效率”属性。数字化结算可缩短跨境与本地支付时间，并降低运营成本；同时，当局还能更精准地监管资金流向，用于税收征管、反洗钱与财政管理。例如，在CBDC体系下，税款可被即时扣除，无需等待传统结算周期。然而，他强调，这种便利也意味着更强的集中控制能力。
在他看来，CBDC将使每一笔交易都留下可追踪的数字痕迹，政府可实时掌握个人支出结构。更极端的情况是，当局可在无需中介的前提下冻结账户、限制资金使用，甚至直接没收资产。一旦金融权力与行政权力高度绑定，货币体系就可能被用于政治或社会控制，这正是达里奥最为担忧的风险。
尽管争议不断，全球央行仍在推进相关项目。中国已测试数字人民币，欧盟也在评估数字欧元方案。支持者认为，CBDC有助于提升支付体系竞争力，防止私人平台垄断；但批评者指出，当前多数设计仍缺乏足够的隐私保护机制。
加密货币社群同样对CBDC持谨慎态度。Coin Bureau 转述达里奥观点时指出，相较中心化的央行数字货币，比特币等去中心化资产更强调用户自主与有限供应。区块链不依赖单一权威，也因此被部分人视为对抗金融监控的工具。
随着更多国家进入试点阶段，关于“效率与自由如何平衡”的讨论势必升温。达里奥的核心立场是：技术进步不应以牺牲个人权利为代价。在数字货币时代，这一命题正变得愈发紧迫。
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