BlockBeats 消息，2 月 28 日，以太坊创始人 Vitalik Buterin 发文探讨以太坊扩展路线图，指出扩展应当分为短期和长期两个阶段。短期扩展主要依赖即将到来的 Glamsterdam 升级，通过区块级访问列表实现并行验证、ePBS 机制延长区块验证时间窗口，以及 Gas 重新定价来衡量操作实际耗时，同时引入多维 Gas 来区分不同资源消耗，避免状态膨胀问题。
在 Glamsterdam 升级阶段先分离「状态创建成本」，让状态创建 Gas 不计入普通 Gas 上限，从而支持更大的合约创建。EVM 将通过「reservoir」（蓄水池）机制保持兼容性，确保子调用和 Gas 操作仍能正常工作。未来将逐步转向多维 Gas 定价，实现长期经济可持续性，同时保留灵活性。
长期扩展则聚焦 ZK-EVM 和 blobs。blobs 通过迭代 PeerDAS 最终目标达到 8MB/s 数据可用性，让区块数据直接进入 blobs 实现无需全下载验证。ZK-EVM 采用分阶段 rollout，先在 2026 年允许 5% 网络使用、2027 年扩大到更大比例，最终过渡到「3-of-5」多证明系统，使节点无需重执行即可验证，确保安全性和超高 Gas 限额。
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